There have been notable cases in women's cycling, but the media's lacklustre coverage of the women's scene means they don't attract the same publicity.
Actually, I believe the women's Giro was the first Grand Tour in either sport to have it's winner disqualified for doping; Zinaida Stahurskaia in 2001, who tested positive for a diuretic. Stahurskaia served a paltry suspension of four months. She tested positive again in 2003, for ephedrine, and was banned for two months (seriously). She tested positive for stanozol in the summer of 2005 and was banned for two years. In 2006 she was found to have been a member of a drug-trafficking ring. She was actually trying to make a comeback this year, but was sadly killed in a collision with a jeep training for the Lithuanian road nationals.
Other notable cyclists to have tested positive in recent years include Svetlana Bubnenkova (EPO), while arguably the best ever female rider Fabiana Luperini once tested positive for nandrolone and was also prevented from starting a race once due to failing a blood test (not necessarily a positive for anything, but highly suspicious). Rosalisa La Pomparda was ejected from a Giro for a similar reason. The 2007 road world champion Marta Bastianelli was one of the highest-profile of recent cases, as she tested positive for a stimulant while still in the rainbow jersey in 2008; her initial ban of one year was recently extended to two years (after she actually appealed to have it reduced). This year has also seen Annalisa Cucinotta suspended after testing positive in the Cali round of the track World Cup at the end of last year.
Possibly the most famous case of recent times was Geneviève Jeanson, a Canadian rider who excelled on the road. After lots of rumours, then a positive test which she disputed, she eventually spilled the beans a couple of years ago, saying that she had been using EPO since the age of 15/16 under the guidance of her trainer and her father.
There are probably a load of major cases I have left out/forgotten, but the ones above are just the ones that leap to memory (as well as Tammy Thomas, the woman in the photo posted above). Doping is definitely a serious problem in the women's side of things, but to what extent in comparison to the men's is hard to know. There aren't the same financial incentives to dope in the women's peloton as in the men's (many top-class riders still work or study part-time), although a good living can be made from a successful career. I'm not sure the testing in women's elite racing is as extensive as in men's, and there's nothing of the sort of the biological passport. Whether they are ahead of the game (there's already a whole raft written on this board about undetectable blood transfusions and PEDs which I expect you are already familiar with), or there is less cheating, or both of those existing to an extent, who really knows?
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