Eshnar said:
If you understand spanish,
this link explains the method they use.
I found that. I don't understand Spanish (apart from "uno cerveza por favor"). As I read it they associate a difficulty with any gradient from 0,0% to 30,0% and then add up. It seems like a pretty good method (but is of course arbitrary in the sense that you have to assign difficulty to any gradient).
The thing is that then a climb of say 1 km length with 100 m vertical gain has difficulty 32 if it's a constant 10% climb.
However if it's 500 m of 0% and 500 m of 20% it has difficulty 1*½+157*½=78.75 (1 being the 0% difficulty, 157 being the 20% dificulty).
Or taking it to extremes it would have difficulty 1*(2/3) + 382*(1/3)= 127.5 if it was flat for some part and then gained the 100 m vertical by a 30% ramp.
So it really makes a difference what data you have to describe the climb.