Mitochondrial Transplantation

[Shakes]

https://archive.is/qhv1F

The new doping trick – and why scientists fear athletes are already using it

Experts warn undetectable mitochondrial transplant could allow humans to run faster for longer

www.telegraph.co.uk

Mitochondrial transplantation would require relatively simple equipment and expertise but could have benefits similar or greater than those felt from blood doping

Prof McCully said he had strong suspicions athletes seeking an illegal sporting advantage are already experimenting with the process and using it to enhance their performance.
The method involves taking mitochondria – self-contained units that possess their own DNA and sit inside cells producing energy – from one area of the body and injecting them into another to boost energy production.

Experiments in mice found that treated rodents had extended lifespans and could run 50 per cent longer and 50 per cent quicker on a treadmill. Prof McCully believes a similar benefit could also be seen in humans.

'I can see this helping people very much, especially in endurance things. I'd be surprised if it hasn't been done, it is so easy.'


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Mitochondria have been used a lot for explaining performance. Above is an article of earlier this year that I missed. Didn't see a thread about it but might have been discussed within another one. Claimed benefits are enormous. Apparently it's very easy to do as well with no detection method.

It would be a miracle if this is not already used.

 

[Sorped]

These modern medical developments make a lot more sense to me as explanations for alien results than motors and "classic" drugs.

They're undetectable now and in the foreseeable future, only people in the know can expose it. Theoretically the only people who need to be involved is the rider and the medical professional, and I guess even the medical professional can be duped.

 

[Red Rick]

Looks like crazy *** is back on the menu boys

 

[Sciatic]

I believe the problem with something like this is that there isn’t an “off switch” when they’re done with racing. Obviously these guys and gals take tons of risks with their current and future health, but pretty much all the drugs and infusions do leave their system and their bodies can accommodate to stopping the PEDs.
I guess the other thing is detectability. I mean the lugworm blood (which is at this point considered viable) would be a much bigger (short term boost) but they have already developed a test to detect it.

 

[Sciatic]

These modern medical developments make a lot more sense to me as explanations for alien results than motors and "classic" drugs.

They're undetectable now and in the foreseeable future, only people in the know can expose it. Theoretically the only people who need to be involved is the rider and the medical professional, and I guess even the medical professional can be duped.

How do you know they are undetectable? The French and German anti-doping organizations work jointly on developing testing for new performance enhancers before they are widely used.

 

[Sciatic]

https://archive.is/qhv1F

The new doping trick – and why scientists fear athletes are already using it

Experts warn undetectable mitochondrial transplant could allow humans to run faster for longer

www.telegraph.co.uk

Mitochondrial transplantation would require relatively simple equipment and expertise but

Simple? This is from McCully’s recent (1923) journal article on isolating mitochondrial cells: “the tissue [containing the mitochondria] is dissected from the skeletal muscle using a number 6 biopsy punch. Usually two small pieces of tissue (>0.1 g) are harvested and stored in cold (4°C) phosphate buffered saline (clinical grade) and used for mitochondrial isolation. . . . Most mitochondria isolation protocols use tissue homogenization followed by differential centrifugation (46–48). Purification by Percoll gradient or sucrose step gradient centrifugation is often incorporated to purify the isolated mitochondria; however, the added centrifugation and washing time greatly extends the isolation process (49, 50).

3.2. Mitochondrial isolation​

In our initial studies we isolated mitochondria using differential centrifugation (47, 48). The isolation of mitochondria was completed in approximately 90 min and required a starting tissue of approximately 5 grams (14). . . . we have developed a novel methodology that allows for the rapid isolation and purification of mitochondria using differential filtration (53, 54). This methodology uses mechanical homogenization to minimize operator variability of homogenization. The tissue is obtained from the site of incision and is homogenized in a volume of 5 ml of sterile isolation buffer consisting of 300 mmol/L sucrose, 10 mmol/L HEPES-KOH [4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid—potassium hydroxide], 1 mmol/L EGTA-KOH (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid—potassium hydroxide), pH 7.4, and then treated to 10 min of Subtilisin A enzymatic digestion, on ice. The digested tissue is then filtered through a series of filters by gravity filtration, and the mitochondria are subsequently precipitated by centrifugation at 9.5 × G for 5 min at 4C. The time required for mitochondrial isolation using this procedure is 20–30 min and does not delay the surgical procedure.”
It goes on from there . . .

Frontiers | Mitochondrial transplantation: the advance to therapeutic application and molecular modulation

AbstractMitochondrial transplantation provides a novel methodology for rescue of cell viability and cell function following ischemia-reperfusion injury and a...

www.frontiersin.org

 

[Krzysztof_O]

They always said Teddy had good mitochondria so...

 

[Bronstein]

San Millán seems to be an expert on mitochondria ...

 

[Shakes]

Simple? This is from McCully’s recent (1923) journal article on isolating mitochondrial cells: “the tissue [containing the mitochondria] is dissected from the skeletal muscle using a number 6 biopsy punch. Usually two small pieces of tissue (>0.1 g) are harvested and stored in cold (4°C) phosphate buffered saline (clinical grade) and used for mitochondrial isolation. . . . Most mitochondria isolation protocols use tissue homogenization followed by differential centrifugation (46–48). Purification by Percoll gradient or sucrose step gradient centrifugation is often incorporated to purify the isolated mitochondria; however, the added centrifugation and washing time greatly extends the isolation process (49, 50).

3.2. Mitochondrial isolation​

In our initial studies we isolated mitochondria using differential centrifugation (47, 48). The isolation of mitochondria was completed in approximately 90 min and required a starting tissue of approximately 5 grams (14). . . . we have developed a novel methodology that allows for the rapid isolation and purification of mitochondria using differential filtration (53, 54). This methodology uses mechanical homogenization to minimize operator variability of homogenization. The tissue is obtained from the site of incision and is homogenized in a volume of 5 ml of sterile isolation buffer consisting of 300 mmol/L sucrose, 10 mmol/L HEPES-KOH [4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid—potassium hydroxide], 1 mmol/L EGTA-KOH (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid—potassium hydroxide), pH 7.4, and then treated to 10 min of Subtilisin A enzymatic digestion, on ice. The digested tissue is then filtered through a series of filters by gravity filtration, and the mitochondria are subsequently precipitated by centrifugation at 9.5 × G for 5 min at 4C. The time required for mitochondrial isolation using this procedure is 20–30 min and does not delay the surgical procedure.”
It goes on from there . . .

Frontiers | Mitochondrial transplantation: the advance to therapeutic application and molecular modulation

AbstractMitochondrial transplantation provides a novel methodology for rescue of cell viability and cell function following ischemia-reperfusion injury and a...

www.frontiersin.org

Im definitely no expert, however author himself (McCully) is quoted that it is easy.

It's easy to do and the protocols are right on our website.

Your copied text also states it only takes 20-30 minutes with their novel approach. So someone with more expertise can probably do it. He himself was asked about it by doctors associated to sports...

 

[TrekCyclist]

well, if they are able to do this on children (to treat heart defects), there will be more than just a few professional athletes who are willing to give it a try.
wasn't there somebody who literally said, he would not take anything that he would not give to his kids? I guess this might get a whole new meaning now

 

[Sorped]

wasn't there somebody who literally said, he would not take anything that he would not give to his kids? I guess this might get a whole new meaning now

Vingegaard said that.

"I can say hand on heart I'm not taking anything. I won't take anything I wouldn't give to my daughter. And I would definitely not give her drugs."

Vingegaard: Tager intet jeg ikke ville give min datter

Læs mere her.

www.berlingske.dk

 

[Sorped]

How do you know they are undetectable? The French and German anti-doping organizations work jointly on developing testing for new performance enhancers before they are widely used.

Whether it works or not is in some senses a separate issue from whether it is being done. McCully suspects that it is. He said that of all the calls, the one he found most worrying was the man who wanted to do it in his garage. “It was ridiculous.” Particularly because you quite probably could.

“You could do this very easily. It’s so easy and so simple.”

If you’re using your own mitochondria, he said, it’s also hard to see how it could ever be spotted. “Once the technology is out there, it’s pretty hard to close Pandora’s box.”

Is mitochondrial therapy the next sports doping scandal?

Experts are considering whether Olympic athletes may have used mitochondrial transplantation — intended as a treatment for cardiac defects — as a form of cheating

www.thetimes.com

Undetectable for the foreseeable future. Not in perpetuity.
Remember how long it took to develop tests for autologous blood transfusions compared to how long the method had been used?

 

[Sorped]

Don't want to hijack the thread, but I find this very interesting:

Glucagon-like peptide-1 increases the amount of glucose in the liver and has been administered via gene therapy to the livers of mouse models of diabetes and was shown to increase gluconeogenesis' for athletes this would make more energy available and reduce the buildup of lactic acid.

Gene doping - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Gene doping: gene delivery for olympic victory - PMC

With one recently recommended gene therapy in Europe and a number of other gene therapy treatments now proving effective in clinical trials it is feasible that the same technologies will soon be adopted in the world of sport by unscrupulous athletes ...

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

This is from 2012 mind you.