Doping control is an expensive business. I was working casually for a company called IDTM for a little while and they are charging national sporting federations somewhere in the range of US$500-1000 PER SAMPLE to be analyzed. So the issue of out of competition testing is a matter of economics.
After reading that article by Victor Conte about "ducking and weaving" I think the best cost effective approach is targeted testing. Maybe you have 6 mandatory random out of competition tests annually, but as soon as any athlete fails to show, then you hit them with tests on a weekly or fortnightly basis in the specific prep phase.
It won't take long for athletes to learn that if you "duck and weave" and miss a single test at any stage in the year, then you can expect to be hassled like ******y when you most want/need to be using your PEDs.
Of course this all requires buy-in from the IOC, UCI, IAAF, FINA, ITU, FISA etc and NSOs of individual nations or it just goes nowhere.