One horse race - Armstrong.
Organized doping on a higher professional level.
Team funding of doping program through money laundering as opposed to individual rider responsibilities.
Bullet proof to AAF's through being the only rider to have "donated" to UCI to avoid positives. Likewise, team riders were also impervious.
In his team CEO capacity in 1998 personally recruited a team DS, Johan Bruyneel, with a doping background with the disgraced ONCE team.
Exclusively engaged the "preparation" services of sports top doping medico, Dr. M Ferrari. (Former Postal/Motorola doctors, Dr. Max Testa & Dr. Prentice Steffen, were opposed to doping)