rhubroma said:
No civilization, at least that of the Western World, is a state of combigned socio-cultural and political forces generated over a long historical period from Greco-Roman antiquity to the present. It is a shallow act of excessive hubris to think that in today's market-based capitalist regime, the highest attainments in man's philosophical, political (from the Greek polis), civil (from the Latin civis), artistic and even religious expressions can somehow be replaced by big business and the market - as if civilization is something we buy at the shopping mall.
In short our times have replaced Kultur with the individual pursuit of wealth, with the result that dreams are thought to be fullfilled only by how much I can purchase with the bucks I have earned, and are no longer wrapped-up in the ideals of making my existence more beautiful with the things I contribute to making civilizaton an expression of the best collectively we can produce as humans. In this sense, Classical Athens, Renaissance Florence, Nineteenth-Century Paris -even Twentieth-Century Mannhatan- succeeded in contributing more to civilization while being less economically robust and with infinitely more class, than today's obsessed consumer world and financial based age has with its endless miles of shopping disticts and discount emporiums that are supposed to make us "happy."
Looking at society today, richer than any of the past, it seems to me that we live in a world of devastating contradictions. As people seem less happy in their excess, as if theyare choking on the foul air of useless consumption without the pure oxyginated breeze of invigorationg culture. Poor ol' civilization.
All of the past civilizations you mention have certainly created a concept of civilization, but I doubt whether you would truly find them culturally superior if you looked at any of the following concepts:
1) slavery
2) government support for the poor, elderly, unemployed, poor health
3) speaking of health, child survival rates, life expectancy
4) Safety for business interests or travel
5) Communications, exchange of ideas
6) Employment, Education, upward mobility
Go back to ancient Greece, Rome, Charlemagne's Europe, Florentine Italy of the Renaissance - and you would find the same human emotions (including depression and anxiety), the same environmental complaints (try to find a forest close to an ancient city), and the same consumer driven economies (with the exception that very few had the means to buy and the selection was extremely limited).
If you consider civilization to be some romantic ideal you would have been sadly disappointed living in those ancient cultures; none of the stated societies would have had the means to achieve that ideal for any but the elite.
On the other hand our crass, business supported society has enabled the poorest child to obtain an education, employment, FOOD, and the potential to succeed and move into the elite classes economically, socially, and intellectually.
Perhaps you can tell that I see the romantic view as having a small amount of fact dressed up with massive doses of fictionalized idealism.