Obviously anabolics can create huge performance increase for swimmers as demonstrated by the dominant E. German women’s team in the 70s-80s. It would seem like steroid use is too detectable, but yet folks in misc, sports keep getting busted for it.
Several classified documents were released after the fall of the GDR showing the sophistication & success of their systemic anabolic steroid program. Remarkable rates of increase were particularly noted with their swimmers & T&F athletes..
Their primary anabolic steroid was
Oral-Turinabol, which is a derivative of the popular Dianabol. Turinabol was tweaked in the lab to further reduce the androgenic aspect while maintaining the anabolic properties. Unlike Dianabol, Turinabol didn't aromatize nor cause nearly as much water retention. It had a high success rate of increasing lean muscle mass while significantly reducing bodyfat. This made it ideal as a non-bulking agent that even distance runners found success with.
Several classified documents saved after the collapse of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in 1990 describe the promotion by the government of the use of drugs, notably androgenic steroids, in high-performance sports (doping). Top-secret doctoral theses, scientific reports, progress reports...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Turinabol is a highly detectable compound now with detection rates approaching
several months with normal use. It made a comeback with the Russians in the 2012 London games with a "microdosing" strategy. However, that strategy failed miserably when several years later their athletes started testing positive from WADA's retesting of samples.