General Doping Thread.

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Apr 8, 2023
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A golden oldie gets busted again -
https://www.cyclingnews.com/news/dr...of-medicine-and-use-of-prohibited-substances/
Bernard Sainz, the French sports medicine advisor, has been handed a two-year sentence – with one year suspended – for illegal practice of medicine, and the use of prohibited substances or methods in the context of a sporting event.

The 82-year-old will serve a year of his sentence under an electronic tag.
Sainz, who describes himself as a 'naturopath' and who has a long history of involvement in cycling, will also have to pay a €20,000 fine and is banned from engaging in any sporting activities. He was acquitted, however, of incitement to doping. Sainz, who is known as 'Dr Mabuse', was placed under house arrest for a year in 2022 and has been barred from practising medicine after being found guilty of illegal practice of medicine and incitement to doping in 2013 and 2017.
 
Apr 8, 2023
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The "pay-to-race"/financial bit of this story could get VERY interesting (thanks to search for the link !)
https://www.tuttobiciweb.it/article...nvestigation-vini-zabu-whistleblowing?lang=en
... the carabinieri received a confidential report from the Swiss anti-doping agency, Stiftung Antidoping Schweiz, arising from reports submitted through the whistleblowing platform: these reports spoke not only of prohibited substances but also of a system involving psychological pressure, harassment, and improper financial demands on athletes.

The collected testimonies were confirmed during the investigations: an organized mechanism emerged for recruiting riders who were without contracts or considered to have insufficient technical levels. Athletes were registered through a shell company based in Ireland, but only on the condition that they advance money or commit to returning part of their salaries. In some cases, as documented in the files, athletes were provided, always for a fee, with a professional license obtained through corrupt methods from compliant foreign federations, simulating residency transfers that never actually occurred.

From the documents, it emerges clearly that the "pay-to-race" was not an isolated episode, but a system designed to fuel two parallel drifts: on one side, the entry into professionalism of athletes lacking the necessary qualities, who were then forced to resort to doping to maintain competitive levels; on the other, the so-called "financial doping", with companies that, despite lacking resources for real contracts, managed to guarantee visibility and access to sponsorships. Crucial during the investigations was the collaboration provided by the International Cycling Union, which made available data and evidence to reconstruct the case.
 
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Apr 8, 2023
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A trip down memory lane on the previous "pay-to-race" scandal - 2017, before teams had big bucks to buy out rider's contracts -
https://www.cyclingweekly.com/news/...anned-over-italian-pay-to-race-scandal-322080
The Italian Cycling Federation (FCI) has banned two Italian team managers for three months, ruling them out of the Giro d'Italia and other events, because they charged cyclists to race in their teams.
Trek-Segafredo rider Marco Coledan, has also been banned for refusing to testify in the case.

The federation banned Gianni Savio and Angelo Citracca, managers of Androni Giocattoli and Wilier Triestina respectively, for three months after the made riders to pay for professional contracts to ride on their teams.

Only in Italy! 2017's scandal halted by ... broken heating?!
https://www.cyclingweekly.com/news/...g-may-never-reached-due-broken-heating-307003

From 2022 -
https://velo.outsideonline.com/road/ex-spanish-pro-reveals-pay-to-race-schemes
Spanish ex-pro Óscar Pujol revealed details of “pay-to-race” schemes soffered to him during his pro racing career.
Pujol raced a few seasons in the WorldTour with Cérvelo and Omega Pharma, and then for nearly another decade in second and third-tier teams before retiring in 2018.

After the 2011 season, he could not find another WorldTour contract, but said without naming names that he was offered what’s called “pay-to-race” schemes.

That’s when a rider must put up part or all of their own contracts to secure a roster spot on an elite team.
 
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Apr 8, 2023
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I think it's wrong for riders to be suspended for not testifying.
Omertà is a strong thing. I see it as the guy thought, I can get a short ban, or I can get both my legs broken and not get picked for any team ever again. Easy choice!
 
Apr 8, 2023
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So 2019, the Aderlass scandal blows up and then under and post Covid lots of super charged guys. Has team doctors come up with a new way to beat the system? Bahrain went nuclear then got raided (and Colbrelli nearly died) and backed off the juice, but everyone else just got faster and faster. Big bucks came into the sport and the UCI started looking for motors when it was the guys on the bikes that needed testing.
Big bucks mean more doctors, more "team testing" (the CO incident is one) using the same equipment as WADA labs, and one nagging piece of news that surprised me was a lab getting paid a lot more then they tendered for.
Either WADA is being gamed or UCI don't care anymore as long as the big bucks keep rolling in.
 
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Sep 14, 2009
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LOLZZZZZZZZ

Just tuned in to see how the Euro's were going.

Looking forward to watching some XCO in Lake Placid a little bit later!!!
 
Jul 31, 2024
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Let's say UAE is doping for sure.
Lets' say Visma strategy of peaking for a few races and Jonas reaching such peak levels is somewhat suspect.

Where do you all think Red Bull (& Remco) will stand in all this. The fact that Remco still has his human moments give me some hope, but he also beat doped riders records by quite a bit in 2024.

I guess i just want to Give Jonas and Remco the benefit of the doubt.
Whereas Tadej and UAE just remind me of a combination of Festina and US Postal.
 
Sep 1, 2023
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Let's say UAE is doping for sure.
Lets' say Visma strategy of peaking for a few races and Jonas reaching such peak levels is somewhat suspect.

Where do you all think Red Bull (& Remco) will stand in all this. The fact that Remco still has his human moments give me some hope, but he also beat doped riders records by quite a bit in 2024.

I guess i just want to Give Jonas and Remco the benefit of the doubt.
Whereas Tadej and UAE just remind me of a combination of Festina and US Postal.
If Pogi hadn't raced this autumn, Remco would have won both ITT and RR. He had no competition for his second places behind Pogi.
 
May 6, 2021
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Don't know -- but it wouldn't be UCI legal?
I assumed so too after the rumours around the rebreathers and Sky's alleged noble gas method back in the day, but apparently not;

M1.2. Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen. Including, but not limited to: Perfluorochemicals; efaproxiral (RSR13); voxelotor and modified haemoglobin products, e.g. haemoglobin-based blood substitutes and microencapsulated haemoglobin products, excluding supplemental oxygen by inhalation.

  • What is the status of supplemental oxygen?​


    Supplemental oxygen administered by inhalation, but not intravenously, is permitted. However, some sports authorities may prohibit its use in their regulations. Athletes must check the rules that apply to supplemental oxygen use with the sporting authorities governing the events they compete in.


 
Mar 4, 2011
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I assumed so too after the rumours around the rebreathers and Sky's alleged noble gas method back in the day, but apparently not;

M1.2. Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen. Including, but not limited to: Perfluorochemicals; efaproxiral (RSR13); voxelotor and modified haemoglobin products, e.g. haemoglobin-based blood substitutes and microencapsulated haemoglobin products, excluding supplemental oxygen by inhalation.

  • What is the status of supplemental oxygen?​


    Supplemental oxygen administered by inhalation, but not intravenously, is permitted. However, some sports authorities may prohibit its use in their regulations. Athletes must check the rules that apply to supplemental oxygen use with the sporting authorities governing the events they compete in.

Would be hard to believe it's allowable right before a race in pro cycling. Based on the above (if allowed) why don't we see riders get hits of O2 from team cars on climbs during the race (a' la NFL sidelines)?
 
Mar 4, 2011
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What good would it do? The absorption through your lungs is a natural limiter..would be sort of cool to see riders wearing a canula or facemask.. Oxygen tank, maybe a....
View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qnGTCgHGruM&pp=ygUYbWluaSBveHlnZW4gY29uY2VudHJhdG9y


Amgen and a few others already have drugs to enhance your blood..
View: https://m.youtube.com/shorts/ZesgGXg19lA

View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mhHvbgNHTqA&pp=ygUYTkZMIHBsYXllcnMgdXNpbmcgb3h5Z2Vu
you kinda lost me with all those. I wouldn't know if it works or not, might comment is about what's allowable.
 
Apr 8, 2023
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HIF detection possible - from 2024
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118223000491
Small-molecule HIF stabilizers are being misused in sports to ‘artificially’ increase red blood cells. WADA banned their use, but the structural variety in this relatively new class of performance enhancing drugs and the rapid pace at which new drug candidates are emerging hampers their detection in biological fluids, as many currently used techniques target specific structures – a problem also encountered with NPS. Therefore, a future-proof strategy was envisaged, capable of detecting ANY HIF stabilizer (known AND unknown ones).
Results
The HIF1 bioassay proved to be universal, detecting every HIF stabilizer tested so far (including enarodustat, IOX2, JNJ-42041935, etc.). Using roxadustat as a prototype compound, sensitivity in known urine matrices was determined and ranged from 1-25 ng/mL. A limit-of-detection in blind-coded roxadustat-spiked urine matrices was determined to evaluate routine applicability of this activity-based detection method.
 
Apr 8, 2023
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Red light therapy and boosting mitochondria - a good recovery aid?
https://biologyinsights.com/how-red-light-therapy-works-on-mitochondria/
Specific wavelengths of red (600-700 nm) and near-infrared (700-900 nm) light penetrate the skin to reach underlying cells and tissues. Unlike ultraviolet light, these wavelengths are gentle and do not cause cellular damage.

The primary mechanism of interaction involves a specific enzyme within the mitochondrial respiratory chain known as cytochrome c oxidase (CCO). CCO acts as a photoreceptor, absorbing these specific light photons. This absorption initiates a cascade of biological responses within the cell. The heme and copper centers within CCO are the main sites where this light absorption occurs. When cytochrome c oxidase absorbs red and near-infrared light photons, it stimulates the mitochondrial respiratory chain to operate with greater efficiency. This enhanced activity directly leads to increased production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). More ATP means cells have more available energy to perform their various functions effectively.
 
Apr 8, 2023
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Ruben Guerreiro's last days at Movistar -
https://cyclinguptodate.com/cycling...aken-aside-from-the-team-with-no-announcement

Original article in Spanish
https://as.com/ciclismo/mas_ciclism...de-ganar-en-giro-y-ventoux-al-paro-f202601-n/
... Ruben Guerreiro. The Portuguese rider has not been renewed with the Spanish team and was not at its presentation, which confirms his departure from the team. One that was ultimately unannounced, a relationship that ended privately within the ranks of Movistar. However there may have been a reason why the team did not communicate regarding Guerreiro, as AS reported that during the 2025 season he failed to report a trip in the ADAMS (Anti-Doping Administration System), the same situation that led to Rangel's suspension. Whilst Guerreiro only had one infraction, which does not lead to direct consequences, it raises questions. All professional riders must report their locations so that anti-doping authorities have the possibility of carrying out doping tests all-year round, whilst the use of medication of foreign substances that can potentially lead to a positive test must also be reported beforehand.
 
Apr 8, 2023
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Does more whistleblowers mean more doping going on, or is it just the norm?
https://www.bbc.com/sport/articles/cm24l522e24o
Whistleblowers made 185 reports of suspected doping to the UK's national anti-doping organisation in 2025.

UK Anti-Doping (Ukad) says concerns raised through its 'Protect Your Sport' whistleblowing initiative led to two individuals being charged with anti-doping rule violations.

The 185 reports, which came from 25 sports, is the second-highest since the scheme was launched in 2020, behind the 211 in 2024.

"Seeing yet another year of consistently high reports coming in has been positive, it shows that individuals feel safe coming to us and that they want to protect the integrity of their sport," Mario Theophanous, head of intelligence and investigations at Ukad, said.
Mario is an interesting guy,
https://www.sportsintegrityinitiati...s-as-head-of-intelligence-and-investigations/
Mario has over 30 years of law enforcement experience having previously worked for Kent Police, the National Crime Squad and the Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA). In his previous roles, Mario led covert investigations into serious organised crime groups nationally and globally, helping to combat the importation of drugs, firearms and people trafficking.
 
Oct 1, 2014
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I just looked up something on wikipedia about tramadol, here's what I discovered.

Misuse

Illicit use of the drug is thought to be a major factor in the success of the Boko Haram terrorist organization.[138][139][140] When used at higher doses, the drug "can produce similar effects to heroin."[138] One former member said, "whenever we took tramadol, nothing mattered to us anymore except what we were sent to do because it made us very high and very bold, it was impossible to go on a mission without taking it."[138] Tramadol is also used as a coping mechanism in the Gaza Strip.[141] It is also abused in the United Kingdom.[142][143]

From March 2019, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) banned the drug, after riders were using the painkiller to improve their performance
 
Moderator note

I only went back about 3 pages, but I've moved 15 posts to the doping in other sports threads. I appreciate that "General doping thread" is rather undefined, but while we have the distinction, let's observe it.

Would it be useful to let this thread die? In its place, open up threads like:
  • New methods and medicines;
  • Riders and teams that don't have their own clinic threads yet;
  • Breaking news: riders just popped
The content here that doesn't belong in the "other sports" thread would seem to one of those three.
 
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