roundabout said:
I am (slightly, see last paragraph below) puzzled by the 1994 graph you quote above.
Portoleau is usually the guy who does the calculations for cyclismag.
In the book he wrote with VAYER in 2002 ("Pouvez-vous gagner le Tour"), he quotes the following values for Indurain based on a total weight of 89 kg (81 kg +8 kg)
Luz ardiden 37:40 472watts
alpe d'huez 39:30 481 watts
Val Thorens 20:40 455 watts (finish at 2325m a.s.l.)
Avoriaz 33:24 490 watts (last climb of the TT started in Cluses)
The best performance by Indurain on a last climb of a mountain stage is quoted at a power of 512 watts for the 45:40 it took him to climb LA PLAGNE in 1995, (in hot pursuit of Zulle if I remember correctly)
That same year he blasted up Alpe d'Huez in 38:10 (500 watts), 1:20 slower than Pantani, I was watching at hairpin #1.
Assuming those 500 watts to be correct ( I didn't check the calculation), that is 6.17 watts/kg at the end of a hard mountain stage.
In all likelihood, 500 watts corresponds to a VO2 of about 6,25 l/mn, ie 77 ml/mn.kg. Therefore to a VO2 max most likely higher than 86 ml/mn.kg (climb at no more than 90% of VO2 max).
In his bio Indurain was quoted as having a VO2 max of 88.
These numbers are not my numbers, but the ones I read where mentioned.
They are very different from the ones shown in you graph, which probably means that the ones in your graph must be the normalized values for a 78 kg (70+8) racer
The fact that he was able to ride last mountain passes at the same power output as in a one-hour world record attempt is pretty indicative of likely use of EPO.