Then we have Horner, who happily released a blood profile that reeked of transfusions, yet he was comfortable enough to make it public because the passport is (rightly) weighted on the side of avoiding false positives. Science of Sport explains it pretty well:
http://www.sportsscientists.com/201...sport-legal-scientific-and-performance-views/
The point being that riders can and do (almost certainly) blood dope and get away with it. Does the passport set an upper limit on the doping? Almost certainly. Can riders dope with EPO microdosing and transfusions while being monitored? Clearly they can.
To address the central challenge of Berzin's post, that somehow we need to provide an explanation of how they are doping, I say nonsense. I have never known how any particular rider has doped, and many if not most top riders have doped. Ergo, it means exactly NOTHING if I don't know how they did it.
http://www.sportsscientists.com/201...sport-legal-scientific-and-performance-views/
Just to illustrate a key point, if they set the limits at 99%, then in the cycling collective of 800, you’d expect 8 cases of “false positives” where the rider’s value is flagged when there is no doping. This is why the limits have to be very strictly set in order to have legal “clout” – it’s too easy to dismiss a method that produces this many false positives. The downside, of course, is that cyclists who are doping can still go undetected, but there is this compromise between “cavalier” testing with high risk of false positives and the desire to catch every doper. There are built-in steps to manage this, however.
Cases are usually opened only if several different variables are beyond these boundaries on more than one occasion. By this measure, our non-doping subject who was picked up in the research study I described earlier would not face investigation, which is how it should be.
When this happens, the experts get together to evaluate and analyze the values. If they feel that the profile is typical for a certain doping intervention, the athlete is contacted and questioned about potential reasons for his values. His justifications are again evaluated by the experts. Only if they are still convinced that the profile is typical of doping and is not caused by the explanations put forward by the athlete (as has happened for Pellizotti and co), do they suggest the opening of a procedure against the athlete.
Clearly, the process is quite long and has multiple “security” levels to protect the clean athlete or to filter out pathologies that might cause abnormal values.
The point being that riders can and do (almost certainly) blood dope and get away with it. Does the passport set an upper limit on the doping? Almost certainly. Can riders dope with EPO microdosing and transfusions while being monitored? Clearly they can.
To address the central challenge of Berzin's post, that somehow we need to provide an explanation of how they are doping, I say nonsense. I have never known how any particular rider has doped, and many if not most top riders have doped. Ergo, it means exactly NOTHING if I don't know how they did it.