Tank Engine said:
I know that I'm taking this sentence out of context, but it links in with a point I wanted to make which also relates to the IQ^2 debate that the Hitch posted. Often, religious labels get attached to people because of the families or countries they were born in. Why is the UK a christian country? I guess because in the past 1,500 years Christianity has been the most prominent religion there. Many people there would probably describe themselves as Christians although their religious observance is limited to at most carol singing at Christmas.
Firstly, religion should be the choice of an individual and not some form of cultural osmosis. A year or two ago I read a book of interviews with around 20 Polish atheists and agnostics. One thing that rang a bell with me was that one of them said that many people treated him as if he were missing something like a limb. People could not understand that his atheism was a positive choice rather than a lack of belief.
Secondly, I watched the first two speakers of the IQ^2 debate. The proposal was "This house believes we would be better off without religion", which can be seen as a question of opinion and so even if they argued until the end of the solar system, there would still be holes in the arguments. Hitchens described the religious background to many conflicts. One problem with his argument (as I touched on above) is that religion interacts with other factors like nationality (and politics). For centuries, being Catholic would have been seen by Polish or Irish nationalists as part of their identity in opposition to say "British Protestantism" or "Russian Orthoxody", even if that Catholic identity did not involve any real religious belief. That is to say that religion is tied up with tribalism, which is a necessary precursor to institutionalised religion. On the other hand, it is true that religion (or at least religious labels) is used in perpetuating "tribal divisions". For example, in the Western media (unless there was a particularly in depth article, which did not occur very often) Serbs were Serbs (not Orthodox), Croatians were Croatians (not Catholic), but Bosnians were Muslim.
With regard to Dr. Smythie, who was the first to oppose the proposal. True, religious feelings have been foremost in the creation of beautiful temples. I couldn't help but feeling awe at the beauty of Chartres Cathedral. However, I also wonder about what lengths common men were put to, in order to build such monuments, since the church's power was huge. Also, a lack of religion certainly does not mean a lack of appreciation of beauty or the creative arts. I find the vast majority of religious art to be formulaic (possibly because there is so much of it) and arguably the greatest (and my favourite by a long way) from that genre is Caravaggio, who definitely was not one of the church's most beloved sons.
Smythie also argued that the proposal was senseless, since by nature we are all spiritual. My impressions are that the spirituality of many (possibly the majority of) people is a minor aspect of their lives and results in many cases from the fact that religious observance or allegiance results from the social acceptance of such acts. He seemed to argue that religious observance led to social cohesion. However, it also promoted tribalism and social control. Enough for now.
What you talk about here, in several ways, is allied to what I brought up several pages ago: that is, building a core religious identity, with all its subsequent articulations.
At a certain point, in the Western tradition (with its Near Eastern affiliates - which means having its roots in the Classical World and the Ancient Roman Empire), the society abandoned its pagan origins and became molded under the sway of orthodox Christianity. Now this represented a change in world view and hence identity.
The process was not, of course, immediate, but rather developed over many centuries and, as such, so to was there a gradual transformation in the style of Western architecture and the arts.
I think to a great extent that Christian beliefs found, because they needed to find, an appropriate expression in the religious buildings and sacred art in the culture; because it was within this context that the new tradition, with its beliefs and values, was going to transform society and build its new identity and ideology.
How was the Christian faith thus going to replace the old culture, as far as the official art and architecture of the public spaces of the cities in the Western and Near Eastern worlds? The Near East found its solutions in the buildings and glittering, gilded mosaics of Byzantine orthodoxy, whereas the Catholic West in Europe found them in various stylistic movements over time, among which was the Gothic era in the Late Middle Ages and its cathedrals like Chartres, which even a non-believer like myself (like you) can appreciate as an architectural masterpiece, not just of a religion, but of a civilization.
This is why, while I do not personally find any need for religion, and in fact have a natural distaste for belief and dogma in general, I can nonetheless find value in the inspired culture that religion actually gave us in the realms of architecture and the arts.
These things were also the propaganda and the glue that, following the demise of tha ancient Roman world, has given the West its most rooted identity down to post-modernity and globalizzation. What might be called its canon.