I think Emma Johansson and Jenny Rissveds did more in terms of exposure, than Gustav.The Hushovd effect might be a strong contributor when it comes to the cycling boom in Norway. The Gustav Larsson effect in Sweden didn't kick in as hard, maybe.
Cycling is a big recreational sport here. Something a lot of people have taken up as they have gotten older. Like people in their 30s and 40s. There has definitely been a big cycling-boom in that regard. "Vättern-rundan" is something a lot of people rides each year. 300km around our second largest lake.
It is a staple where you also ski 90km (Vasaloppet), swim 3km (Vansbrosimmet) and run 30km (Lidingöloppet). It is called doing the "Swedish Classic", pretty much word for word translated, you must do within one year. All four things.
Anyway... among the younger generation cycling has not become a big thing though, as far as I know. Just using it to try not to be late for school.