One thing where pundits and analysts actually could try to do some qualitative analysis is on Pogacar's development between 2023 and this year.
In 2023 some of his major results were:
GDL #1: Solo attack 32K from finish, av speed 40,2 km/h 52 seconds before #2/3 vs 39,8 km/h in 2022 at a sprint
WC #3: outsprinted by WVA, MVDP on solo attack
TDF #2: 7'29" behind Vingegaard and 3'30" in front of A Yates
Fleche Wallonne #1
Amstel Gold Race #1
RVV #1: 16 secs before MVDP at an av speed of 40,1 km/h more or less the same as MVDP win this year
E3 Saxo: #3
MSR #4: 15 sec behind MVDP
Paris-Nice #1: 53 sec before Gaudu and 1' 39" before Vingegaard
In general a very successful season and world class performance by a solidly established 24 years old pro road rider already competing more than 5 years against serious opposition (since 2018). Now what to expect for 2024? New coach and a significantly stronger UAE team. Early career development could easily be some +5% capacity improvement per year, or may be even more. How does Pog 2024 stack up against Pog 2023?
Strade Bianche #1: fastest (40,3 kph) and most altimetres (3700) longest race (215K) since inception from a solo attack 81K out winning by 2'44"
MSR #3: Shut down on Poggio by MVDP otherwise a likely win
Volta a Catalunya #1: 3'41" in front of Landa
LBL #1: 1'31" in front of Bardet in a fast edition (40,9 kph) yet slightly slower than 2022 (41,4 kph) and 2023 (41,2 kph)
Giro #1: 9'56" in front of Martinez at the fastest edition ever (41,9 kph)
Tour #1: 6'17" in front of Vingegaard at the second fastest edition ever (41,8 kph)
Some power estimates suggests that Pog's improvements are in the possible range of "normal" and stemming from i.a. smarter training (motor pacing, Tabatha-intervals etc), better nutrition and some unspecified technical improvements (30 mm tyres?).
1. What yearly increase is reasonable to expect from a well-established seasoned world tour rider at the absolute top level?
[Possibly some 2-3% should be achievable and if everything would align perfectly maybe even as high as 5%?]
2. What is Pog's estimated increase in 2024 compared to 2023?
[My guess is well over 10%]
The massive improvement compared to the already strong performance in 2023 is the ONE thing that really sticks out. If adding Pog's exceptional recovery and really no signs of fatigue (despite UAE's decision to pull him out of the Olympics) it paints a familiar picture we haven't seen since Armstrong and Landis.