Riders such as? Armstrong? Ullrich? Froome? Wiggins? Contador? Pogacar? Roglic?
The first two had obvious advantages that can’t be discussed here.
The third, Froome, got dropped like a stone by Quintana, losing about a minute in 2013 and 2015. In 2014 he got crushed by Contador in the Vuelta ITT, etc.
Wiggins was nowhere close to Vingegaard’s level in the mountains. Froome could have put minutes into him.
Contador in 2009 was close to this level probably but he did not destroy peak Pogacar in the mountains and had no mountain victories with gaps like Vingegaard’s.
Pogacar was destroyed by Vingegaard in the mountains and it looks like in the ITT too and, aside from the 2020 mutant ITT, has clearly been a better climber than time trialist. That 2020 ITT of course had a mountain in it.
Roglic was able to do both extremely well too but I don’t ever recall him improving both to this extent at the same time.