Re:
Great post, Pontiac, thanks.
Pontiac said:
Sniper, I was directed to this thread by a buddy. I have to say I'm impressed with your seemingly endless fascination with this stuff from the old days.
old days, yes, but it trickles right into the present.
all this talk about 'scientific' training, winning clean against doped riders by means of marginal gains such as learning how to fall properly, good dopers vs. bad dopers, internal testing.
This whole 'perception is reality' paradigm, the narrative sky and garmin and other new age teams are selling us, it started right then and there in the US in the late 70s.
Pontiac:
I lived it through the '70's and stopped, at least on an international level by '80. So I know all the players you're talking about. I did several world championships, have a bunch of medals from nationals and raced in Europe for several years.
props for that, and thanks for chiming in. Always nice to get a first hand view on things.
Pontiac:
I'll be polite and just say my point of view is a little different than what you've laid out.
different views are good. But I'm not sure yours differs that much from mine, well except for the OTC and Eddie B., perhaps.
Pontiac:
Basically in the states and Canada we were a bunch of middle and upper middle class kids who fell in love with the sport, had a genetic predisposition to go fast and were naive to say the least. There was little to no doping among the elite guys back then.
Alexi Grewal begs to differ.
http://velonews.competitor.com/2008/04/news/an-essay-by-1984-olympic-gold-medalist-alexi-grewal_74053
There was doping. I don't know how much, but at least so much that it appeared impossible for Mike Fraysse to hire people who hadn't been involved in doping. Eddie B., by his own admission, had overseen doping programs in Poland, including Szurkowski's. It's the period when Poland took gold at the worlds 1973 and 1975 (TTT).
US olympic cyclist Carl Leusenkamp had tested positive in the early 70s. If doping was as rare as you say it was, why, out of all people, was Leusenkamp hired by USCF?
In the early 80s top weightlifting coach Harvey Newton was added to the coaching staff... At that point in time (like at any other point in time of course), being a top weighlifting coach meant one thing: steroids. (If you doubt that, read Roach's
Muscle Smoke and Mirrors. The term "weightlifting" is well represented in the index)
And so the only 'clean' guy Fraysse and Eddie hired was probably Ed Burke. But Ed was a student of Costill, who knew where to find the honey. In the early 80s, the US team was experimenting with caffeine, something Costill had personally promoted as a PED in publications in the 70s. By that time, Costill also had a paper on "steroid use among national level athletes" on his CV. In 88, Costil co-authored a book with Wilmore (originally from 82) that says something along the lines of 'you can't blame the athlete for doping if all his competitors dope, too', and then sets off to describe the benefits of steroids, amphetamines and blood doping.
In 84, little surprisingly, Burke, Fraysse and Eddie were at the heart of the Olympic blood boosting scheme. Burke lied, pretending he'd first heard about blood boosting in a 1983 article from Gledhill. Anybody even remotely involved in the topic of cardiorespiratory conditioning would have been aware of the work on blood boosting by guys like Ekblom in the early 70s. Then there's Danny Van Haute's story. As I argued on the 1st page of this thread, by his father's admission he got in contact with blood doping as early as 1974 during the junior world's in...Poland.
Then there's Les Earnest's account of the rigged testing at the Coors Classic (Red Zinger) in the 70s and early 80s. (Hilariously, aussie Phil Anderson failed the IQ test. He got suspended for missing the dope test, which apparently he didn't know was rigged.)
There was doping in American cycling, that much is certain.
Pontiac:
... What changed things was the group of us who went to Europe and raced for teams over there. Some of us stayed and "made it", others of us, like myself were disheartened by the doping and corruption and didn't "make it". I simply didn't have the balls to take the amphetamines and steroids, that were part of the sport back then. I have nothing but respect for my peers who stayed and "made it", they for whatever reason wanted it worse than I did or didn't have the other options in life, like I did. It was just the way the sport was back then.
interesting background. This sounds plausible.
Pontiac:
i spent some time at the OTC and know Eddy B and knew Ed Burke, neither of them well. But I really think you're very misguided in thinking they were some kind of masterminds behind the rise of doping the US. The truth is the doping started with those of us who went to Europe and lived and breathed the sport over there. Eddy certainly knew the sport, but to go claiming he was some kind guru is really over the top.
I haven't claimed this.
I think he was an ordinary doping facilitator. Not a mastermind of any sort.
Guys like Phinney, Kiefel, Lemond and Hampsten are the ones portraying him as a mastermind who invented 'scientific' training methods that allowed them to beat those pesky dopers from Europe. Lol.
Meanwhile, Inga Thompson and Andy Bohlman (a Colorado Springs race director who was in charge of drug testing for the U.S. Cycling Federation from 1984 to 1991) both described Eddie as the father of American Cycling's doping culture. If you disagree with that assessment, you have to take it up with Inga and Andy. They were there, I wasn't.
I also like this one from Eddie:
http://web.stanford.edu/~learnest/cyclops/polite.htm
Pontiac:
Unless you've been an elite athlete, lived in Europe and raced the international stuff, you really can't begin to comprehend how intertwined the sport is with doping. The whole rise of US cycling coincided with the doping knowledge brought back from Europe.
This sounds like a fair assessment. I agree, procycling and doping are and have been inseparably intertwined.
Pontiac:
It had almost nothing to do with the OTC or the folks there.
Sure, I reckon there was no Leipzig/Cologne style 'sophisticated' doping going on there (making women pregnant to boost their testosterone, and stuff like that). They did explicitly aim for a Leipzig-style set-up, though. (They = Dardik, Ariel, Miller). I've posted all that upthread. They wanted to test steroids and blood doping on young athletes in order to identify outstanding athletes, and provided internal testing and doping seminars so that athletes knew how to fly below the radar. Close the gap with the bloc-countries. This is not 'a point of view' I have. It's how it was stated by the people involved in founding the OTC. I posted several references to those statements upthread.
Heiden, Lemond, Carpenter, and a bit later Hampsten, maybe some others, strike me as typical products from that early OTC period. But I could be wrong.
Pontiac:
Even with what happened with the blood doping, the US was light years behind what was going on in Europe.
Behind? Yes. Lightyears? Not really.
Hilariously, the investigation into the 84 BB scandal was lead by...Dardik and Miller, the two guys responsible for setting up the whole dope program in the late 70s. As I posted upthread, USOC and sponsor 7-eleven feared for a PR disaster and so yes, they wanted you to believe this was a badly organized amateurish scheme, 'innocent', almost.
The medal haul was unparalleled, however. Sure, the boycot played a role. But the event cemented Eddie's reputation as top coach. Tellingly, when in 1988 (Seoul Games) the US Cycling team had little success, people started lobbying to bring back Eddie B.
Pontiac:
I do agree with you though, that the whole 7-11 story and even LeMond to an extent have somehow been burnished into this incredible story of the American kids taking on the Euro dopers and winning. I get a good chuckle out of it all. You know in 100 years of racing history in Europe, virtually every major player has been involved with doping and or corruption, but yet a bunch of naive American kids went over there and kicked ***. Yep, makes for a great story! But all kidding aside LeMond was an exceptional talent, any of us who raced with him can attest to that. That being said, with what I know about the sport, I'd say you'd be a fool to think that any pro is clean, at least the way the fans define clean these days.
We're in full agreement here. Well said.