I went ahead and looked at the ages of male cyclists when they reached 5k and 10k points on CQranking.com.
Please keep in mind that that website normally only awards points to races from 1999 onward. There are some older cyclists, e.g. Davide Rebellin, that were awarded some points from other races throughout the '90s but since this does not apply to all races or all of them I did not consider anything scored before 1999. In the interest of fairness basically.
Here are the results. Please understand that where I live it is normal to write one thousand as 1.000 instead of 1,000.
5.000 points
- Tadej Pogacar – 8.237 days (22 years, 6 months, 21 days)
- Remco Evenepoel – 8.253 days (22 years, 7 months, 6 days)
- Peter Sagan – 8.451 days (23 years, 1 month, 20 days)
- Egan Bernal – 8.826 days (24 years, 2 months, 1 day)
- Edvald Boasson Hagen – 8.855 days (24 years, 2 months, 30 days)
- Robert Gesink – 9.054 days (24 years, 9 months, 15 days)
- Damiano Cunego – 9.073 days (24 years, 10 months, 3 days)
- Arnaud Demare – 9.176 days (25 years, 1 month, 14 days)
- Tom Boonen – 9.265 days (25 years, 4 months, 14 days)
- Nairo Quintana – 9.303 days (25 years, 5 months, 21 days)
- John Degenkolb – 9.352 days (25 years, 7 months, 9 days)
- Michal Kwiatkowski – 9.372 days (25 years, 7 months, 29 days)
- Mark Cavendish – 9.378 days (25 years, 8 months, 4 days)
- Alberto Contador – 9.414 days (25 years, 9 months, 10 days)
- Nacer Bouhanni – 9.426 days (25 years, 9 months, 22 days)
- Thibaut Pinot – 9.434 days (25 years, 9 months, 30 days)
- Vincenzo Nibali – 9.440 days (25 years, 10 months, 5 days)
- Tom Dumoulin – 9.450 days (25 years, 10 months, 15 days)
- Alejandro Valverde – 9.479 days (25 years, 11 months, 14 days)
- Andy Schleck – 9.505 days (26 years, 0 months, 9 days)
Despite his injury Evenepoel reached 5.000 points after winning the ITT in the 2022 Vuelta a Espana. He was only 16 days older than Pogacar was when he reached the same feat by finishing 3rd in the 2021 Vuelta al Pais Vasco.
10.000 points
- Tadej Pogacar – 8.707 days (23 years, 10 months, 2 days)
- Peter Sagan – 9.284 days (25 years, 5 months, 2 days)
- Alejandro Valverde – 10.274 days (28 years, 1 month, 16 days)
- Nairo Quintana – 10.276 days (28 years, 1 month, 18 days)
- Tom Boonen – 10.339 days (28 years, 3 months, 22 days)
- Vincenzo Nibali – 10.420 days (28 years, 6 months, 12 days)
- Damiano Cunego – 10.480 days (28 years, 8 months, 10 days)
- Julian Alaphilippe – 10.545 days (28 years, 10 months, 14 days)
- Philippe Gilbert – 10.576 days (28 years, 11 months, 15 days)
- Edvald Boasson Hagen – 10.598 days (29 years, 0 months, 6 days)
- Mark Cavendish – 10.687 days (29 years, 3 months, 5 days)
- Arnaud Demare – 10.810 days (29 years, 7 months, 6 days)
- Alexander Kristoff – 10.817 days (29 years, 7 months, 13 days)
- Alberto Contador – 10.870 days (29 years, 9 months, 5 days)
- Fabian Cancellara – 10.944 days (29 years, 11 months, 18 days)
- Thibaut Pinot – 11.025 days (30 years, 2 months, 9 days)
- Michael Matthews – 11.162 days (30 years, 6 months, 24 days)
- Michal Kwiatkowski – 11.208 days (30 years, 8 months, 8 days)
- John Degenkolb – 11.212 days (30 years, 8 months, 12 days)
- Tom Dumoulin – 11.217 days (30 years, 8 months, 17 days)
If Alberto Contador had not lost points because of his suspension then he would have reached 10.000 points throughout the 2010 Tour de France (probably towards the end or at the very least after winning it). This would have given him, at least, the following result:
3. Alberto Contador – 10.093 days (27 years, 7 months, 19 days)
It seems impossible that Remco Evenepoel will beat Tadej Pogacar's record here. Due to the winter break it would require him to reach 10.000 points by the end of the 2023 season. That will likely require at least a 4.000 points-season which would be significantly better than Tadej Pogacar's record-breaking 2021 (3.656 points).
Fastest from 5.000 to 10.000 points
- Tadej Pogacar – 470 days
- Primoz Roglic – 554 days
- Joaquim Rodriguez – 791 days
- Alejandro Valverde – 795 days
- Philippe Gilbert – 805 days
- Peter Sagan – 833 days
- Alexander Kristoff – 905 days
- Erik Zabel – 915 days
- Cadel Evans – 961 days
- Nairo Quintana – 973 days
3. Alberto Contador - 679 days (see above)
History of record holders
5.000 points
29/07/2001 – Lance Armstrong (10.907)
18/08/2002 – Paolo Bettini (10.366)
18/04/2004 – Oscar Freire (10.290)
07/08/2005 – Ivan Basso (10.116)
26/02/2006 – Tom Boonen (9.265)
23/07/2006 – Damiano Cunego (9.073)
15/03/2011 – Robert Gesink (9.054)
14/08/2011 – Edvald Boasson Hagen (8.855)
17/03/2013 – Peter Sagan (8.451)
10/04/2021 – Tadej Pogacar (8.237)
10.000 points
16/03/2004 – Erik Zabel (12.306)
25/07/2004 – Lance Armstrong (11.999)
25/09/2005 – Paolo Bettini (11.500)
11/06/2008 – Alejandro Valverde (10.274)
(25/07/2010 – Alberto Contador (10.093))
28/06/2015 – Peter Sagan (9.284)
24/07/2022 – Tadej Pogacar (8.707)
My list definitely contains every male cyclist with 10.000 points or more but it is possible that I have missed some riders with over 5.000 points (I currently count 142). It is, however, unlikely that I missed those that would end up towards the upper end of this ranking. But definitely let me know if I have.
As an aside the oldest age to reach 5.000 points that I found was Niko Eeckhout at 15.054 days (41 years, 2 months, 20 days). This is far older than 2nd place Luca Mazzanti (13.679 days) (37 years, 5 months, 14 days).
The oldest age to reach 10.000 points was Domenico Pozzovivo at 14.075 days (38 years, 6 months, 17 days).