I think this is what leads us to what I was referring to when I mentioned the pervasiveness economic interests. It's not only nation states and sporting federations that may have such interests, but in modern capitalist economies enterprises are of course among key players.
The teams are essentially private (or state) enterprises and/or parts of larger enterprises (or state enterprises), and they are thrown into an environment of not only sporting but economic competition. The former is a means to excel in the latter. Failing in either risks facing demise.
Now, team Jumbo is an enterprise. After PDBF they sure as hell do not have an interest to just step back, smell the flowers and reflect upon what is fair in sport. They got beaten when they thought they were winning.
Of course they fight back, just like any company would when faced with rival competition. In the current context, these two teams play the role of dominant enterprises. They are not monopolies per se, but not price (or, more generally, competition conditions) takers either. They can shape their context to an extent.
So, Jumbo assesses whether their newfound sporting disadvantage is likely to get regulated away (probably not), whether they can up their game without tripping the wire (probably yes), and, well, just send it. If there is leeway to enhance the performance of their riders with an acceptable risk to it, they will do it. And then other teams will follow suit more or less, or perish.
It would be difficult for me to blame individual enterprises for looking after their interests in a hostile environment, ie. market competition, unless they did something totally outrageous. Your conjecture is that Jumbo is doing so now, and perhaps this is indeed the case. The only upside is that perhaps they go too far and face more scrutiny and a backlash.
But from a market competition point of view they are merely innovators and I bet that the others will respond by attempting to out-doping them. Because these are the available technologies and other innovative methods in this particular field. Yes, enterprises and people running them have agency, even moral agency, but it is bounded by their circumstances. Teams and riders make their own history, as it were, but not from circumstances that they have selected or indeed can select for themselves, to paraphrase
a long gone German chap. Behind the scenes, teams may try to play politics with the regulatory bodies and annul others' advantages (international trade regulations, anyone?). But what is most directly under their immediate control is preparing the riders the best they can.
And this, the logic of good old market competition, of course, is exactly what makes the doping arms race such a vicious problem. The parties just do not have the interest, or the luxury, to say fuggit, this is not okay.
This post was but an abstract sketch, which only focused on arguing that from a wider, societal standpoint pro cycling can be seen as an economic competition between enterprises. Like other branches of the economy, it has its institutions, rules of the game, key players, opportunity structures etc. The regime of monetary accumulation also intersects with wider social issues. A more concrete analysis would have to take into the account the specific interests of other key players such as the regulating bodies, sporting bodies, race organisers, nation states, the bike industry, etc; the institutional setup within which racing occurs in the here and now; and ideas that frame this whole circus in the minds and public discourse of those involved.
It is customary to end with "discussion", so here goes. When it comes to the racing itself, I understand that viewership figures are rather good. Prior to the last two stages there was some positive hype and yet another Netflix show on the horizon. Perhaps caring about doping at all, let alone demanding that racing conforms to what we conventionally know of the endurance performance capacities of the homo sapiens, is just hopelessly out of touch with the current zeitgeist. This is not what I think, personally, but perhaps the joke is on me.
One thing is certain, however: for the enterprises involved, racing is just a medium, a means to an end, ie. making a bottom line. If all is well in that department, carry on chaps. If not, money can go elsewhere.
Yeah, for one reason or another, I still like the sport a lot (sigh).