Dr. Maserati said:
(You realize he was questioning Bernaudeau about how he could claim to have a clean team when he himself doped?)
I know that Fignon has admitted to doping, presumably in his autobiography. Apparently Bernaudeau also admitted to doping. Hinault has made references that were tacit admissions of doping. Eddy was popped for a "stimulant" in '73 or so.
Does anybody know exactly what drugs these guys were taking?
My understanding is that there are basically three different kinds of PEDs used in cycling. The first kind (eg, a "stimulant") allows you to push your body harder because it is easier to ignore the pain. One could argue that that is exactly what makes a champion -- the ability to push himself harder. So these drugs presumably don't actually increase the power output, only the rider's ability to push himself to his own limits more easily.
Steroids are an example of the second kind, and these build muscle mass and aid recovery.
The other type of drugs (eg, EPO, blood boosting) actually produces increases in power.
As far as I know, there have basically been three eras in doping that correspond to these three types of drugs:
1) Stimulants -- from the first Tour through today. I'm sure that many riders have a cup of coffee in the morning. And maybe even four.
2) Steroids -- as far as I know they don't increase long term power output (limited by the heart and lungs) but they do increase a rider's leg strength, and therefore explosive power. I believe that these were introduced in the late '60s and that Eddy was one of the main guys that used steroids, although he was joined by many others. I believe they continue to be used today by many riders.
3) Oxygen Vectors -- introduced in 1989 or so EPO was the first and most common of these drugs that truly boost long term power output. This was the real game-changer, and the one that really damaged the sport. For example, Hampsten won the Giro, got 4th in the TdF twice, and won the Alpe d'Huez, all while riding clean. This means that the drugs of eras (1) and (2) did not give an unbeatable advantage. But with the introduction of EPO, Andy became packfill and quit racing.
I think we all have a pretty good idea about the drugs in era (3) and what their effects are. But what about the drugs of the previous eras? What exactly was used, and what kind of performance benefits did the riders receive?