Re:
King Boonen said:
I think you need to also consider the reality many sports people most likely find themselves in, this is all supposition but I wouldn't think it's that far fetched.
They have trained all their lives to be the best at what they do, foregoing many things including a social life and education just try and be in that elite less than 1% of athletes who get to do their chosen sport professionally. They very possibly have no other prospects, they don't have an education to fall back on or if they do it could be limited. There are even less top level coaching roles than athletes so the chances of making money there are very limited. They also have a very limited window in which to make their money. The chances of their sporting career lasting past 40 years old is tiny, giving most of them 15 years tops earning a decent wage to possibly sustain them and their family into old age. When they are retiring the rest of us are just hitting our stride.
They are then faced with a choice. Dope and earn that 6-7 figure salary, sponsorship deals and an increased likelihood or TV work, coaching, paid events invites etc. once they retire. Or don't dope, and risk earning considerably less than someone else of their age and leaving the sport they have worked all they life for with nothing to show for it except a lack of prospects.
Then tell them the chances of getting caught are about 1%.
Honestly, I think it's a miracle that people don't dope.
I started writing one way, then I remembered something I've always had to bring up: "The question isn't would you dope. The important question is could you be convinced to dope."
I think your hypothetical situation is not realistic, but more importantly, it's the wrong question. You describe a moment. A tipping point after a build up of events, and that narrative is unrealistic. Of all the stories about cycling, or other team sport doping we've heard, it isn't a Morpheus red pill/blue pill moment. There's not open suitcase with cash making the young, naive, athlete's jaw drops. Everything we've heard, it starts small. The multi vitamin in the morning turns into the familiar multi-vitamin and another pill. Or the new guy gets normalized to packets of pills everywhere, and cavalier conversations about regimens going on in the team dinner. Or the team leader is tasked with showing the new guys how to inject EPO, like it's another thing on the agenda for team camp.
If someone hasn't made up their mind not to dope, then they can succumb to the renormalization that happens in a doping environment. And then, it is much easier to be convinced to dope. Money, continuing the career, fame, are obviously influences, but be real. You
know people aren't that rational, and that's not the way actions are taken. People submit to the environment if they are not prepared with an active resolve against it.
And it is now easier to be prepared with that resolve. I don't subscribe to the "new generation" tawk, but let's be real. It is now much easier for a young athlete to be prepared to not dope. Very, very few will come into cycling totally unaware, like the case has been in the past (Other mainstream sports that ignore/media ignores the doping issue will continue on; athletes won't be ready to face the environment).
(This is the original post, less relevent to what I restarted with, but I didn't want to delete it. And like, 80% thought out...)
A few ways to break it down. Olympic sports, or otherwise fringe sports (Track, cycling, ping pong, Kayaking, Volleyball), and mainstream sports (Soccer (olympic sport, but, you know...), Rugby, Cricket, NBA).
To start, anything in the Olympic Sport word will not be thinking about a six-figure salary. Talk about your Sagans and your Contadors and Valverdes, and... you run out of examples pretty fast. 192 riders start a GT, and most, of them are 5 figures. Maybe several to a few thousand bike riders can call them selves professional, and most of them are probably 4 digits, and on the edge of 5.
And there is money in cycling. Tae kwon do, Pole Vault, Gymnastics will be much worse off.
So be careful when you say most.
Next point: for most, everything you said that an athlete gives up is what in fact supports them as an athlete. The NCAA is the obvious example as the best talent development program, and hey, kids end up with an education. It is the same in other national university athletic systems. Or, their social life is their sport. They live with teammates, hang out with competitors from other teams, call up friends to stay at their house when traveling to competitions.
But we are being careful about how we use most, so the above is obviously not universal. But the case you describe, the young-20 something world-level-elite talent without a coach, sponsor, or support network? Yeah, that person could see doping as the way out, but how many are actually in that situation?
Moreover, "the choice" is not binary. For me and my friends, we all made different choices about how to compete professionally, semi-pro, amateur, or whatever, and as far as I know, no one I know personally has doped.
[Skip if you're not interested in an anecdote:] Myself and some chose to work a career that could fully fund my athletic pursuits, at the expense of the professional lifestyle. Others chose the professional lifestyle, at the expense of full (or adequate, or even just a little bit of) funding. Some moved from one camp into the other, and some did the same in the other direction. The path. After that, self coaching, personal coaching, training group or full on live-together-eat-together team. Sponsors or no. None of these options are dependent on performance: I can point to Under Armour ads featuring a friend who, to be polite, is still trying to find his groove. Another who could dominate me any day of the week had few options and wound up with an "upstart" coach. Again, being poilte.
My point is, nothing about the situation you describe has anything to do with last resort doping. Everyone feels pressure, but very few think doping is the only way out. Everyone gets shut down or rejected, but very few are so illogical to not even consider the options available (you know, those things that make up a sport: training, tactics, coaching/mentoring, team, nutrition, wtc.)
So, why does doping happen the way it does? Those olympic sports I described are generally individual. Those mainstream sports aren't. They can be dominated by a personality, taken over by a culture, and generally operate above any athletes' ideas. Ethical fading as the owner starts to think business instead of sport, or the strength coach thinks about numbers/data instead of sport. Teams also have the capital to invest in doping at an effective scale.